Friction-clutch.



B. M. W. HANSON.

FRICTION CLUTCH.

APPLICATION IILED APR. 25, 1906.

909,891 I Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

B. M. W. HANSON. FRICTION CLUTCH.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1906.

Patented Jan. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

a U m 8 V 7 W1 1 asses:

UNITED strnrns rngrnivzr ()FFI-GE.

Bauer-M, w, m sa, na'Rrtfom), 'colv' inc'ricu'r, assIeNoRTo resin a warmer eon- PANY, or HaRwoRh, coNNEoTmUT, A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

nitration-neuron.

Specification '0! Letters latent.

Patehtdd am. 19, 1009.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, BENGT M. W. Hanson, a citizen of the Kingdom of Sweden, having declared my intention of becoming a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new'and useful Improvements in Friction-Clutches,

of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to friction-clutches of that type in which a split-ring is expanded by pivoted levers against the inner wall of a device to be connected to a shaft or other support, and has for its object the provision of means for actuating said pivoted levers, whereby amplified leverage is obtained, and a split-ring or other clutchsurface is forced against the complemental clutch-surface with increased power.

Other objects of the invention will be hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view partially in section and partially in side elevation showing one application of the invention. Fig. 2 1s a. side elevation partially in section. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line 3-3 ofFig. 2; Fig. 4

is a diagrammatic view illustrating the action of the improvement. Fi 5 and 6 are, respectively, end and lon itudinal sectional views of a sleeve hereina ter described; the section being taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a plan view of a friction-block; Fig. 8 is an enlarged side view of one of the pivoted levers employed for actuating the expansion-rings, and ig. 9 is a plan view of one of the wed e-blocks.

Like numera s designate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, 'the numeral 1 designates framework of any desired kind, in bearings of whi'eh;(not shown) is journaled a shaft 2 which may be either a driving or a driven shaft as circumstances may r ,uire.

ulleys 3 and 4: upon which the usual straight and crossed belts are placed are shown sleeved upon the shaft 2, each of said pulleys having at its inner side a circumferential flange designated, respectively, by 3' and 4, thus forming chambers or cups for the reception of clutching-devices hereinafter described.

Designated by 5 is a sleeve securedto the shaft 2 by a screw 6, this sleeve being shown detached from said shaft in Figs. 5 and 6, and as provided on one side with a groove 7; having a flat bottom,and on its opposite side with a flat-bottomed groove 8. Each of said grooves terminates, in a slot indicated, respectively,by 7 and 8' in Fig.6, and in the slots and fitted upon flattened .portions 2 of shaft 2 are friction-blocks 9, -9.' Each friction-block is split longitudinally at 10, and at its end adjacent the end of the slot is internally threaded at 10.

Reduced cylindrical ends 11, and 11 are formed on the sleeve 5-, and the slots 7 and 8, pass through said reduced ends, and in each slot is placed a friction-block 9, 9'. A screw 12 is threaded into the seat 10 of each friction-block, and a transverse bolt13 serves as a means for clam ing the walls of the split-part of the blue upon said screw.

Fitted upon the reduced end 11 of sleeve 5 is a splitexpansion-ring 14 and a similar ring 15 is placed upon thereduced extremity 1-1' of said sleeve, both rings being located" within the cups or circumferential, overhanging flanges 3 and 4' of the pulleys 3 and 4. To prevent displacement of said rin each is grooved to receive a flat block or $17.16 secured in seats of the sleeve by screws .17 (see Fig. 3).

Fitted upon the beveled head 12' of each screw 12 are the grooved heads 18 of levers .19, the rearend of each head being rounded at 18 to conform to and be received in seats in the posing ends of the expansionrings 14 c l5, and each lever having an arm 19' terminating in an inclined projection 19. Normally the expansion-rill s 14 and 15 tend to contrac and closely em race the reduced ends of the sleeve 5, and it is when a ring is expanded against either the inner wall of the flanged or the like Well of He 4: that a connection is made with the pul ey 3 or 4 or other element which may be substituted for. said pulley without de arture from the invention;

eretofore it has been common in the art to force a wedge or cone between the free that the inner levers the cone 01' wedge will separate them by being driven in a direction toward their free ends in a line towards their fulerumor pivot. v In the present case 'a' reverse direction of movement is applied to the wedge or cone and it moves away from the fulcrum of-the pivoted levers, and to enable this action to be carried out the inner surfaces ofthe heads of the levers and the wedge and its carrierblock are of peculiar formation, as will be hereinafter described. 1

Referring to Figs. 2 and '8 it will be seen lever 19 is inclined at 18 so that one endwall 18 of the groove 18 is longer than the opposite end wall 18 of said groove, thereby providing a longer bearing-surface on the outer side of the beveled head 12: of the fulcrum-screw than on the inner side of said head for-a purpose now to be described.

sleeve Designated by 21 are blocks fitted for sliding movement in the grooves 7 and 8 of the 5, and each of these blocks is provided with a longitudinal rib or projection, having a narrow shank 21' terminating in an abutment 21 at one, end and in a head 21? having downwardly-inclined walls 21* at its opposite end, the sides of each head being also 1nclined with reference to. a horizontal plane. as at 21, to prevent said block from working.

in toward the fulcrum.

In the. inner'end of each block 21 an open-; 111g 22 having; internally-threaded walls is formed for the reception of, a screw 23. These blocks and their ribs or projections are disposed on the'sleeve' 'as indicated in vFig. 1,,the inner end of each overlapping the;

inner end of afriction-block; 9, 9".

. Surrounding the sleeve 5 is'another sleeve 7 groove.24=' and circumferential 24 having .a

overlapping the flanges 3',

end flanges 243 '4, of the pulleys 3 and 4. A

Desi ated by 25' is a rock-shaft j ournaled" in the amel, and having a depending arm- 26 equipped with a roller 27 and a yoke 28 provided with shoes-29 fitting in the groove 24 of sleeve 24. For actuating. this rockshaft any desiredmeans may be employedwithout departurefrom the invention,=and I have shownforthis purpose a pair of cyl- 3 vinde'rs 30 and 31, closed by plugs ,32, and 33 at their outer ends and preferably formed in a castin 34 secured to; the under side of the top of ame 1, and having an opening 35 registering with a similar opening 36 in the frame, said openings receiving-the arm 26 of the rock-shaft, as illustrated in Fig. 1. In the cylinders are pistons 37 and 38 one on each side of the free end of arm 26. Usual ports 39 are formed in the cylinders for the supply of motive-fluid to the cylinders, and exhaust-ports and passages controlled by valve-mechanism (not shown) will also be provided.

face of thehead 18 of each.

' Referring to the diagram Fig. 4 it will be seen that when either block 21 is actuated bythe sleeve it will move away from the fulcrum 18 of said levers and its wedgeshaped ends 19 thereof, thus rocking the levers and head 21 will be pulled between the causing the projections 18 of said levers to bear at approximately the points a-a on the fulcrum-screw, and giving a working-length to said levers represented by the dot-anddash line I), thus conforming to the well known law that given a certain resistance thepowr required to overcome said resistance decreases as the length of the lever-arm increases.

As'thelevers rock on their fulcrum the friction-block 9 or 9, as the case may be, will yield slightly in the slot of the sleeve, thus enabling the pivotal'points 18 of the heads 18 of levers 19 to be brought into alinement when the full toggle-like action of .said levers is exerted on the expansion-ring,

and when the levers are released the contraction of the expansion-ring will cause the friction-block to be returned to normal position, aided, if necessary, by the contact of the block 21 .when it moves back to normal position.

It will be apparent that my clutch involves a clutching element which, in' the present instance is a split, eizpansible ring but which as is obvious might take some other form. I combine with this clutching element a pair of levers which are mounted for swinging movement and a device for operating the levers to put said clutching element into operative relation. The operating device consists referably, though not necessarily, of a we ge and as it a vances or has its operative movement it moves away from said levers and so acts on'the latter as to tend to aline their lines of force or thrust..

It is therefore evident that there is a toggle action whichtends to o' erate.saidclut'chifng element and the togg e action power though it may be, is aided by the lever operating device the path of which is away from said levers whereas were the lever-operating device movable toward the levers during the toggling action the said toggling action would be counteracted by the lateral thrust of the lever-operating element. Not only is this the case but the leverage of the two levers is actually increased as best illustrated by the diagram, Fig. 4.

When one expansion-mug is locked. to its pulley or other element the other is released, and its pivoted levers then assume the position illustrated in Fig. 2. In other words the two rings are alternately expanded and alternately released, as will be evident. Changesmay be made in many of .the details of the invention, and the arts may be arranged in any suitable position requlred, without departure from the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is The combination, with a shaft, of a grooved and slotted sleeve secured thereto, and having a reduced secured in the slot of the sleeve; a ivotscrew attached to said friction-block; evers having heads grooved to fit the screw at one end, and having rounded surfaces at their opposite extremities; a split-ring in engagement with the reduced end of the sleeve, and

having seats for the reception of the'ends of a the levers; a block movable in the groove of the sleeve, head inclined on its sides, and located between the arms of the'levers; complemental end, a friction-block and having a rib provided with a clutch-surfaces loose upon the shaft, and having a circumferential flange with the inner wall of which the split-ring engages; and means for actuating the block 1n the groove of the sleeve to cause its inclined head to move away from the fulcrum-point of the levers, and between the free ends of the arms thereof. v i

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses, at Hartford, Ct. this 12th day of April, 1906.

BEN GT M. W. HANSON.

Witnesses:

S. S. GRoTTA, F. E. BLODGETT. 

